[Ancient History - One Liner]*Chapter 5. The Rise of Jainism and Buddhism

 

[Ancient History - One Liner]*Chapter 5. The Rise of Jainism and Buddhism

One Liner of Ancient History - The Rise of Jainism and Buddhism

Here are 50 questions and one-liner answers based on the provided notes on the Rise of Jainism and Buddhism:

Que. What century BCE is considered a golden age of thought in India? 

Ans: 6th century BCE.

Que. What type of sects emerged in India during this golden age? 

Ans: Heterodox sects.

Que. What prevailing religious system did these sects challenge? 

Ans: Vedic orthodoxy.

Que. Who is considered the founder of Jainism? Mahavira.

Ans: What is the principle of non-violence called in Jainism? Ahimsa.

Que. What is the Jain concept of the soul's eternal cycle of rebirth and liberation? Ans: Moksha.

Que. According to Jainism, what traps the multiple souls (jiva)?  

Ans: Karma.

Que. What is the ultimate goal in Jainism? 

 Ans: To achieve moksha.

Que. Who is considered the founder of Buddhism? 

 Ans: Gautama Buddha.

Que. What are the central teachings of Buddhism regarding suffering? 

 Ans: The Four Noble Truths.

Que. What is the path to end suffering in Buddhism called? 

 Ans: The Eightfold Path.

Que. What did Buddhism reject the authority of? 

 Ans: Vedic authority.

Que. What was a significant impact of Jainism and Buddhism? 

 Ans: Challenged Vedic orthodoxy.

Que. What type of thought did these religions help diversify? 

 Ans: Religious thought.

Que. What new traditions did Jainism and Buddhism develop? 

 Ans: Philosophical and cultural traditions.

Que. What tensions contributed to the rise of these religions? 

 Ans: Caste system tensions.

Que. Which social group's resentment played a role in their rise? 

 Ans: Kshatriya resentment.

Que. Which economic group supported these new religions? 

 Ans: Vaisyas.

Que. What were Vedic rituals described as? 

 Ans: Complex, expensive, superstitious.

Que. What was the 24th Tirthankara of Jainism? 

 Ans: Vardhamana Mahavira.

Que. Where was Mahavira born? 

 Ans: Kundagrama, near Vaisali.

Que. To which caste did Mahavira's parents belong? 

 Ans: Kshatriya.

Que. What did Mahavira attain after twelve years of penance? 

 Ans: Kevala Jnana (omniscience).

Que. What title did Mahavira receive after his enlightenment? 

 Ans: Jina (conqueror).

Que. How long did Mahavira preach his doctrines? 

 Ans: Thirty years.

Que. What are the five principles preached by Mahavira? 

 Ans: Non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing, chastity, non-possessiveness.

Que. Where did Mahavira pass away? 

 Ans: Pava, near Rajagriha.

Que. What are the three gems (Triratnas) in Jainism? 

 Ans: Right Faith, Right Knowledge, Right Conduct.

Que. What is the Jain concept of multifaceted reality? 

 Ans: Anekantavada.

Que. What does Jainism believe about the presence of souls? 

 Ans: Souls in all objects.

Que. What is the first of the five great vows in Jainism? 

 Ans: Ahimsa (non-violence).

Que. What is the Jain practice of non-stealing called? 

 Ans: Asatyagraha.

Que. What is the Jain vow of non-possessiveness? 

 Ans: Aparigraha.

Que. What community did Mahavira organize to spread his teachings? 

 Ans: The Sangha.

Que. In which regions of India did Jainism spread significantly? 

 Ans: Western India and Karnataka.

Que. Which Mauryan emperor patronized Jainism? 

 Ans: Chandragupta Maurya.

Que. What event led to a major division in Jainism? 

 Ans: A severe famine in the Ganges valley.

Que. What were the two main sects that Jainism divided into? 

 Ans: Svetambaras and Digambaras.

Que. Where was the first Jain Council held?

 Ans:  Pataliputra.

Que. When was the final compilation of Jain literature completed? 

 Ans: During the second Jain Council.

Que. Where was Gautama Buddha born? 

 Ans: Lumbini Garden, near Kapilavastu.

Que. What was Buddha's clan name? 

 Ans: Sakya.

Que. At what age did Siddhartha Gautama renounce his worldly life? 

 Ans: Twenty-nine.

Que. Where did Buddha attain enlightenment? 

 Ans: Under the Bodhi tree at Bodh Gaya.

Que. What was Buddha's first sermon delivered at? 

 Ans: Sarnath, near Benares.

Que. What are the Four Noble Truths in Buddhism? 

 Ans: Suffering, cause of suffering, end of suffering, path to end suffering.

Que. What is the first step of the Eightfold Path? 

 Ans: Right View.

Que. What does the Eightfold Path emphasize? 

 Ans: Ethical conduct, mental discipline, wisdom.

Que. What was the community of Buddha's followers known as? 

 Ans: The Sangha.

Que. Which Mauryan emperor played a significant role in spreading Buddhism?

 Ans:  Ashoka.